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- VOC廢氣處理技術(shù)有哪些
- 本站編輯：浙江瑞茂環(huán)境工程有限公司發(fā)布日期：2018-08-08 10:37 瀏覽次數(shù)：
當(dāng)前，VOC廢氣處理技術(shù)主要包括熱破壞法、變壓吸附分離與凈化技術(shù)、吸附法和氧化處理方法等。
At present, VOC waste gas treatment technology mainly includes thermal destruction, pressure swing adsorption separation and purification technology, adsorption and oxidation treatment methods.
一、熱破壞法
1. Thermal damage method
熱破壞法是指直接和輔助燃燒有機(jī)氣體，也就是VOC，或利用合適的催化劑加快VOC的化學(xué)反應(yīng)，比較終達(dá)到降低有機(jī)物濃度，使其不再具有危害性的一種處理方法。
Thermal damage method refers to the direct and auxiliary combustion of organic gas, that is, VOC, or the use of appropriate catalysts to accelerate the chemical reaction of VOC, and ultimately to reduce the concentration of organic matter, so that it is no longer a harmless treatment.
技術(shù)｜七大VOC廢氣處理技術(shù)
VOC waste gas treatment technology
熱破壞法對(duì)于濃度較低的有機(jī)廢氣處理效果比較好使用碳吸附使用碳吸附，因此，在處理低濃度廢氣中得到了廣泛應(yīng)用。這種方法主要分為兩種，即直接火焰燃燒和催化燃燒。直接火焰燃燒對(duì)有機(jī)廢氣的熱處理效率相對(duì)較高，一般情況下可達(dá)到99%。而催化燃燒指的是在催化床層的作用下，加快有機(jī)廢氣的化學(xué)反應(yīng)速度。這種方法比直接燃燒用時(shí)更少，是高濃度、小流量有機(jī)廢氣凈化的推薦技術(shù)。
Thermal destructive method has a good effect on the treatment of low concentration organic waste gas, so it has been widely used in the treatment of low concentration waste gas. This method is mainly divided into two types: direct flame combustion and catalytic combustion. Direct flame combustion has relatively high heat treatment efficiency for organic waste gas, and can reach 99% under normal conditions. Catalytic combustion refers to accelerating the rate of chemical reaction of organic waste gas under the action of catalytic bed. This method is less than direct combustion, and is the preferred technology for purification of organic waste gas with high concentration and low flow rate.
二、吸附法
Two, adsorption method
有機(jī)廢氣中的吸附法主要適用于低濃度、高通量有機(jī)廢氣。現(xiàn)階段，這種有機(jī)廢氣的處理方法已經(jīng)相當(dāng)成熟，能量消耗比較小，但是處理效率卻非常高，而且可以徹底凈化有害有機(jī)廢氣。實(shí)踐證明，這種處理方法值得推廣應(yīng)用。
Organic waste gas adsorption method is mainly suitable for low concentration and high flux organic waste gas. At this stage, the treatment method of this organic waste gas is quite mature, the energy consumption is relatively small, but the treatment efficiency is very high, and it can thoroughly purify the harmful organic waste gas. Practice has proved that this method is worthy of popularization and application.
技術(shù)｜七大VOC廢氣處理技術(shù)
VOC waste gas treatment technology
但是這種方法也存在一定缺陷，它需要的設(shè)備體積比較龐大，而且工藝流程比較復(fù)雜;如果廢氣中有大量雜質(zhì)，則容易導(dǎo)致工作人員中毒。所以，使用此方法處理廢氣的關(guān)鍵在于吸附劑。當(dāng)前，采用吸附法處理有機(jī)廢氣，多使用活性炭，主要是因?yàn)榛钚蕴考?xì)孔結(jié)構(gòu)比較好使用碳吸附使用碳吸附，吸附性比較強(qiáng)。
But this method also has some defects, it needs a large volume of equipment, and the process is more complex; if there is a large amount of impurities in the waste gas, it is easy to cause the workers to be poisoned. Therefore, the key to treating waste gas by this method is adsorbent. At present, the use of activated carbon in the treatment of organic waste gas by adsorption is mainly due to its fine pore structure and strong adsorption.
此外，經(jīng)過(guò)氧化鐵或臭氧處理，活性炭的吸附性能將會(huì)更好，有機(jī)廢氣的處理將會(huì)更加安全和有效。
In addition, the adsorption performance of activated carbon will be better after iron oxide or ozone treatment, and the treatment of organic waste gas will be more safe and effective.
三、生物處理法
Three. Biological treatment
從處理的基本原理上講，采用生物處理方法處理有機(jī)廢氣，是使用微生物的生理過(guò)程把有機(jī)廢氣中的有害物質(zhì)轉(zhuǎn)化為簡(jiǎn)單的無(wú)機(jī)物，比如CO2、H2O和其它簡(jiǎn)單無(wú)機(jī)物等。這是一種無(wú)害的有機(jī)廢氣處理方式。
From the basic principle of processing, the use of biological treatment to treat organic waste gas is the use of microbial physiological processes to convert harmful substances in organic waste gases into simple inorganic substances, such as CO2, H2O and other simple inorganic substances. This is a harmless treatment of organic waste gas.
技術(shù)｜七大VOC廢氣處理技術(shù)
VOC waste gas treatment technology
一般情況下，一個(gè)完整的生物處理有機(jī)廢氣過(guò)程包括3個(gè)基本步驟：
Generally speaking, a complete biological treatment of organic waste gas includes 3 basic steps.
a）有機(jī)廢氣中的有機(jī)污染物與水接觸，在水中可以迅速溶解;
A) organic pollutants in organic waste gas first contact with water and can be dissolved rapidly in water.
b）在液膜中溶解的有機(jī)物，在液態(tài)濃度低的情況下，可以逐步擴(kuò)散到生物膜中，進(jìn)而被附著在生物膜上的微生物吸收;
B) the dissolved organic matter in the liquid film can gradually spread into the biofilm, and then be absorbed by the microorganism attached to the biofilm under the condition of low liquid concentration.
c）被微生物吸收的有機(jī)廢氣，在其自身生理代謝過(guò)程中，將會(huì)被降解，比較終轉(zhuǎn)化為對(duì)環(huán)境沒(méi)有損害的化合物質(zhì)。
C) Organic waste gases absorbed by microorganisms will be degraded during their own physiological metabolism and eventually converted into compounds that do not harm the environment.
四、變壓吸附分離與凈化技術(shù)
Four, pressure swing adsorption separation and purification technology
變壓吸附分離與凈化技術(shù)是利用氣體組分可吸附在固體材料上的特性，在有機(jī)廢氣與分離凈化裝置中，氣體的壓力會(huì)出現(xiàn)一定的變化，通過(guò)這種壓力變化來(lái)處理有機(jī)廢氣。
Pressure swing adsorption separation and purification technology is a characteristic of adsorption on solid materials by using gas components. In organic waste gas and separation purification equipment, the pressure of gas will change to a certain extent, and the organic waste gas can be treated by this pressure change.
技術(shù)｜七大VOC廢氣處理技術(shù)
VOC waste gas treatment technology
PSA技術(shù)主要應(yīng)用的是物理法，通過(guò)物理法來(lái)實(shí)現(xiàn)有機(jī)廢氣的凈化，使用材料主要是沸石分子篩。沸石分子篩，在吸附選擇性和吸附量?jī)煞矫嬗幸欢▋?yōu)勢(shì)。在一定溫度和壓力下，這種沸石分子篩可以吸附有機(jī)廢氣中的有機(jī)成分，然后把剩余氣體輸送到下個(gè)環(huán)節(jié)中。在吸附有機(jī)廢氣后，通過(guò)一定工序?qū)⑵滢D(zhuǎn)化，保持并提高吸附劑的再生能力，進(jìn)而可讓吸附劑再次投入使用，然后重復(fù)上步驟工序，循環(huán)反復(fù)，直到有機(jī)廢氣得到凈化。
The main application of PSA technology is physical method, through physical method to achieve the purification of organic waste gas, mainly using zeolite molecular sieves. Zeolite molecular sieve has certain advantages in two aspects of adsorption selectivity and adsorption capacity. At a certain temperature and pressure, the zeolite molecular sieve can absorb the organic components in the organic waste gas, and then transfer the remaining gas to the next step. After the adsorption of organic waste gas, it is converted through a certain process to maintain and improve the regenerative capacity of the adsorbent, and then the adsorbents can be reinvested again, and then repeated steps are repeated until the organic waste gas is purified.
近年來(lái)，該技術(shù)開(kāi)始在工業(yè)生產(chǎn)中應(yīng)用，對(duì)于氣體分離有良好效果。該技術(shù)的主要優(yōu)勢(shì)有：能源消耗少、成本比較低、工序操作自動(dòng)化及分離凈化后混合物純度比較高、環(huán)境污染小等。使用該技術(shù)對(duì)于回收和處理有一定價(jià)值的氣體效果良好，市場(chǎng)發(fā)展前景廣闊，成為未來(lái)有機(jī)廢氣處理技術(shù)的發(fā)展方向。
In recent years, the technology has been applied in industrial production and has good effect on gas separation. The main advantages of this technology are: low energy consumption, low cost, automation of process operation, high purity of mixture and small environmental pollution after separation and purification. The use of this technology is good for the recovery and treatment of gas with a certain value, the market has a broad prospects for development, and become the future direction of the development of organic waste gas treatment technology.
